Thursday, December 9, 2021

Safe reactors

The question is, if thorium is such a good deal, why don't we have it. Back in the 50's and 60's when nuclear power was being developed thorium was the first choice of scientist but it was the second choice of politicians and the politicians won the day. Thorium reactors cannot be used to produce bomb grade material but uranium reactors can and that ended the discussion. Today we have all the bomb grade material we need so the scientist can return to the path they were on 60 years ago. Ordinary table salt is sodium chloride and it melts at 1,400 degrees F. Other salts do the same thing and slightly different temperatures. The salt used in thorium reactors is lithium-beryllium fluoride and it has a melting point of 1,450 F. The thorium fuel is mixed in the melted salt and this is used to provide the heat needed to run the turbines to make electricity. When the salt leaves the reactor vessel it is no longer radioactive and is circulated around a heat ex changer where it heats up a gas that used to spin the generator. This reactor operates at normal atmospheric pressure and if power is interrupted the salt cools and the process is shut down. The salt only stays hot if additional thorium is added and when the power is off no more is added. This is called walk away safety since the whole process will shut down if the operators just go home.

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